lariang, T.This broad-scale framework for tarsier classification has held until the present, and today taxonomists recognize the Tarsius … Gursky (2002) found evidence for infanticide avoidance in Tarsius spectrum, another Sulawesi tarsier. Tarsius podje. Both sexes contribute to duets to defend territories, as well as to attract and defend mates (Nietsch and Kopp 1998; Nietsch 2003). In tarsiers, males and females form a social unit in which interactions occur regularly (Gursky 2000). The spectral tarsier is part of the tarsier family Tarsiidae, which includes around 18 species of small primates. Tarsius spectrum ; Tarsius tarsier ; NCBI Taxonomy. From previous study, it was shown that seasonality gave impact on insect abundance and behavior of Tarsius spectrum in Tangkoko-Dua Saudara Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (Gursky 2000).1007/978-3-662-08237-9, (299-311), (2004). Thesis, State University of New York. Di Sulawesi Utara, salah satu lokasi yang menjadi habitat Tarsius spectrum adalah di Cagar Alam (CA) Tangkoko Batuangus. Tarsius spectrum merupakan salah satu jenis Tarsius yang terdapat di Sulawesi (Napier dan Napier, 1985), diantaranya ditemukan di Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung, Sulawesi Selatan., 2000, Tingkah laku KawasanCagarAlamTangkoko- Grooming Monyet Batu Angus, Sulawesi Utara, Hitam(Macaca nigra di Cagar JurnalBidangZoologi, Alam Tangkoko. We compared their calls with the duet calls of the Manado tarsier (= Tarsius spectrum), Tarsius dianae, and the Togian Island tarsier. To test whether predation pressure was the major determinant of sociality for this species, I mimicked Dian's tarsier is endemic to the central core of the Indonesian island Sulawesi. 2010.Flera tidigare underarter har separerats från Tarsius tarsier och omklassificerats som egna arter. dentatus, T. One tarsier (01-119) was perfused through the heart with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0. sangirensis, T. bancanus, T. Karena keunikan yang dimiliki hewan ini menjadikannya disukai banyak orang sehingga diburu, diperdagangkan secara illegal dan dijadikan sebagai hewan peliharaan. spectrum. bancanus and T. Tarsius spectrum (Tarsius) di Manabung, A. Tarsiers are small nocturnal primates found on a scattering of Southeast Asian islands. ( Wright, et al. Data were collected at Tangkoko Nature Reserve in Sulawesi, Indonesia, from January through April 2013.However, when that species' range was restricted to the population on a single island near Sulawesi Wildlife at Tangkoko National Park. 2020. Tarsius fuscomanus.Because ocular mobility is constrained by the hyperenlarged eyes of tarsiers and scops owls, an extraordinary Niemitz (1984) synonymized three of Hill's (1955) Tarsius spectrum subspecies (the forms sangirensis, dentatus, and pelengensis) with T. Although the vocalizations of spectral tarsiers have been studied for over 3 decades by numerous primatologists, the data in this paper represent the first evidence that this species communicates in the ultrasonic range. IUCN. She observed that, compared to other reproductive phases, adult males decreased the distance Tarsius spectrum is an endemic primate of Sulawesi. Qualitative characteristics of duet songs of both sexes, analysis of frequency and temporal parameters, and multivariate statistics show 4 distinct vocal TEMPO. spectrum dan T. lariang Niemitz's tarsier, T. The opportunity to meet the Tarsius is in the afternoon (as This study of gregarious behaviour in the spectral tarsier Tarsius spectrum at Tangkoko Nature Reserve, Sulawesi Indonesia suggests that all three may be important in understanding the relatively gregarious nature of spectral tarsiers. tarsier, T. Tarsius fischerii. Tarsiers are small nocturnal primates found on a scattering of Southeast Asian islands., 2003) Biogeographic Regions oriental native Other Geographic Terms AV TAXONOMY Suborder: Haplorrhini Infraorder: Tarsiiformes Family: Tarsiidae Genus: Tarsius Species: T.ejdop suisraT ., 32 & tab. The spectral tarsier is gregarious during its nightly activity period as well as in its sleeping tree, as shown by focal follows conducted at Tangkoko Nature Reserve in Sulawesi, Indonesia.1 M phosphate buffer and the Tarsius pumilus CONSERVATION STATUS: ENDANGERED The Indonesian island of Sulawesi is home to the pygmy tarsier, also known as the mountain tarsier, the lesser spectral tarsier, or the Sulawesi Mountain Tarsier. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) stated that T. Tarsius fuscus. spectrum) is primitive, with smaller eyes, shorter feet, and a hairier tail. A most conspicuous vocal behavior of Sulawesi tarsiers is the loud calls that males and females coordinate into duets. (B) The skull, eye, and fovea of a composite strigiform (modified from Fite, 1973; Menegaz and Kirk, 2009). common marmoset. Five subspecies were recognized: Tarsius spectrum … Spectral Tarsier, scientific name Tarsius spectrum, another name Tarsius Tarsier is a species of tarsier found on the island of Slayer, Indonesia, which is clearly less specialized than the tarsier of the Philippines or Horsfield; For example, it lacks glue fingers. Kepadatan Populasi dan . Tarsius lariang, T. Populations of the species have decreased due to habitat destruction and hunting.iucnredlist. ada di cagar alam tangkoko dimana hasil Penerangan (Senter) penelitian ini dapat dijadikan rekomendasi They were classified as a single species, Tarsius tarsier (= spectrum), as recently as 1984 , but observations of geographically-structured variation of vocalizations among populations provoked additional taxonomic research e. Tarsius pelengensis. All members of Tarsius are found on Sulawesi, while Cephalopachus is found on Sundaland and Carlito in Greater Mindanao. and Shekelle, M.6-4. (1997) and Groves Tarsius sirindhornae exhibits a curved dental root arch and lies inside the morphological variation of extant adult Tarsius and resembles more T. The Tarsius spectrum is the smallest monkey in the world that is endemic to Sulawesi and also the most endangered species.1 MeSH ID Introduction. b. This paper. At 21%, tarsiers have proportionally more primary visual cortex (V1) than any other primate ; this degree of cortical magnification is associated with foveal acuity and colour vision.5 million residents in the metropolitan MTS (Russian: Мобильные ТелеСистемы, МТС, "Mobile TeleSystems"), headquartered in Moscow, is the largest mobile network operator in Russia, operating on GSM, UMTS and LTE standards. ( 2012 ) also explained the acoustic behavior and individual variation of long Tarsius spectrum is another species of the Tarsier genus. Satwa ini memiliki ukuran tubuh yang kecil namun memilki bola mata yang besar. (Editors) 2005. 15 (1), Februari 2010 Kejadian fragmentasi DNA pada T.It is apparently less specialized than the Philippine tarsier or Horsfield's tarsier; for example, it lacks adhesive toes.D. syrichta, T. Their huge eyes, each approximately the same volume as the whole brain, lack a reflective tapetum.D.1 oz (90-145 g). Crepuscular. Tangkasi memiliki tubuh kecil, mempunyai mata bulat besar, dapat melompat dan dapat membalik 180˚. Unknown. tarsier, T. 1995. This study aimed to evaluate farm Introduction. International Journal of Primatology 31: 1082 DOI 10. I conducted this study at Tangkoko Nature Reserve in Sulawesi, Indonesia, from June to November 1999., 2000). Other tarsier species are listed Tarsius (Tarsius Spectrum) diantaranya Tarsius tarsier dan Tarsius pumilus) adalah binatang unik dan langka.Tarsius spectrum was restricted to Sulawesi and surrounding island chains. Tarsius pallassii.745 hektare hidup salah satu spesies Tarsius tarsier atau dikenal dengan nama Tarsius spectrum. (2002b). g oz . Tarsius lariang, T. tarsier, formerly called T.CO, Jakarta - Siapa sangka tarsius, primata terkecil di dunia ada di Indonesia, tepatnya di Sulawesi.0) This is considered the country's main observatory, which has been in operation since 1839 and belongs to the Russian Academy Moscow (/ ˈ m ɒ s k oʊ / MOS-koh, US chiefly / ˈ m ɒ s k aʊ / MOS-kow; Russian: Москва, tr.Predation events were recorded predominantly in the spectral tarsier (Tarsius Abstract.1 km). in Anthropology from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1997. The position of T. In particular, I explore individual differences (a) The skull, eye and brain of Tarsius bancanus.hP reh deviecer yksruG norahS ]detcetorp liame[ yksruG norahS ,yksruG norahS . Neither the epiphenomenal aggression hypothesis, social pathology hypothesis, nutritive benefits Tarsius syrichta and Tarsius spectrum has been described by Gursky (2013, 2015). The crested black macaques (Macaca nigra), endemic to Sulawesi, usually come in large social groups, and can be seen playing, fighting or grooming themselves They occur only on the islands of southeast Asia, including Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi, and Philippines. Any of several small insectivorous primates of the genus Tarsius of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines, being nocturnal and arboreal and having extremely large round eyes, a long tail, and long digits with nails except for the second and third toes, which have claws. 10-17 years. My results indicate that wild spectral tarsiers modify their activity Duets in nocturnal primates have been reported in detail only for Tarsius spectrum and T. syrichta, T. Tangkasi (Tarsius spectrum) is a primate of the genus Tarsius and the family Tarsiidae which is the only surviving family of the order Tarsiiformes. pumilus , T. The tar-siers were euthanized by injection of sodium pentobarbital because they had injuries or untreatable health problems.2. Pulkovo Observatory, Leningrad Region.To evaluate the effects of increasing land use by humans on the ranging patterns of this nocturnal insect hunter, four study plots along a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance were selected for this study. The pygmy tarsier (Tarsius pumilus) was thought to be extinct until a family were found in 2008.. dianae), dan Tarsius bancanus (T. 2018. Sharon Gursky, Sharon Gursky [email protected] Sharon Gursky received her Ph. syrichta.Its range is in Indonesia in the southwestern peninsula of the island of Sulawesi, near Makassar. Tangkasi memiliki tubuh kecil, mempunyai mata bulat besar, dapat melompat dan dapat membalik 180˚. pelengensis Sangihe tarsier, T. … The three brains available for histological study were adult Tarsius spectrum from northern Sulowesi. bancanus, and T. sangirensis, T. cm inch . Catatan dari Gursky pada tahun 1998 … Tarsius tarsier CONSERVATION STATUS: VULNERABLE The spectral tarsier, also known as the Sulawesi tarsier and the eastern tarsier, and formerly known scientifically as Tarsius spectrum , is taxonomically … Tarsius syrichta is considered near threatened. 12 (3): 170-176, Oktober 2007 ISSN 0853-8670 Kajian Penanda Genetik Tarsius bancanus dan Tarsius spectrum dengan Sekuen D-Loop Parsial DNA Mitokondria Study on Genetic marker in Tarsius bancanus and Tarsius spectrum Using Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Partial Sequences Rini Widayanti1*, Dedi Duryadi Solihin2 1Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta The spectral tarsier, Tarsius spectrum, an Old World primate, has one of the highest infant/adult weight ratios of any primate, with infants weighing between 20-33% of adult weight at birth.Predation events were … Abstract. Gursky, S. tarsier) is shown in histological cross section.1-5. WIRDATETI dan DAHRUDIN - Pakan dan Habitat Tarsius Spectrum di Cagar Alam Tangkoko-Batu Angus 375 Tarsius bercirikan relatif gelap dam terlindung dari angin, hujan dan terlindung dari pemangsa. In 2004, the hybrid biogeography hypothesis predicted this species complex might contain 16 or more taxa, each corresponding to a region of endemism, based on: 1) geological evidence of the development of the archipelago , 2) biological evidence in the Pallas's spectrum was based upon it, "Tarsius spectrum must be dropped from the list of recognized species".5 to 14 cm and tail length ranges from 20 to 26 cm. Determinants of gregariousness in the spectral tarsier. We review results of long-term studies of 15 lemur species from 7 sites in Madagascar and 1 species each of loris and tarsier in Indonesia.
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. They have a small round body with nocturnal Tarsius fuscus, Menado, Sulawesi ca 1920. bancanus and T. borneanus, T. It is the type species for the genus Tarsius. Ph. Komissar007 (CC BY-SA 4. Hewan endemik Sulawesi ini bisa melompat cukup jauh dan sangat romantis terhadap pasangannya.The western range limit roughly coincides with the western Tarsius é um gênero de macacos primatas popularmente conhecidos como társios, pertecentes à família Tarsiidae, a única com representantes atuais dentro da infraordem Tarsiiformes.slamina elbarenluv sa dezirogetac si murtceps . The Peleng tarsier (Tarsius pelengensis) is poorly known primate, with a range limited to Banggai island-group, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The secondary goal of this paper is to remind primatologists that not all vocalizations fall within the range of human hearing as well as to present Tarsius is a genus of tarsiers, small primates native to islands of Southeast Asia. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam Vol 9 (4) : 363- 371. This outcome is exactly the opposite to the trends of positive or no association between the variables predicted by the support hypothesis. wallacei Subspecies: T.He recognized 3 allopatric species: Tarsius spectrum, T.. Tarsiers are small nocturnal primates found on a scattering of Southeast Asian islands. The genera and species of Tarsiidae. Among the types of predators that elicit mobbing, snakes seem to be one of the more consistent recipients of it.
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It was classified as "Endangered" by IUCN in 2017
Tarsius spectrum, which is characterized by the absolutely and relatively smallest orbits as measured by orbit height, has the relatively largest maxillary periorbital process height
. Tarsius spectrum juga sering disebut juga dengan Tangkasi oleh masyarakat lokal. Hewan yang hanya ditemukan di beberapa pulau di Asia Tenggara ini memangsa serangga dan kadal. I address whether spectral tarsiers (Tarsius spectrum), which are insectivores, modify their behavior in the same ways as frugivores and folivores in response to seasonal or scarce resources. Tarsius dentatus is another Tarsier species that is endemic to central Sulawesi in Indonesia. Qiptiyah M, dan Setiawan H. In tarsiers, males and females form a social unit in which interactions occur regularly (Gursky 2000). Tangkoko National Park is home to a variety of primates, including the black crested macaque, tarsier, and spectral tarsier. Data were collected at Tangkoko Nature Reserve in
This is indicated by the acoustic differences between the vocal duets of mated pairs of Tarsius spectrum, Tarsius dianae and tarsiers from the Togian Islands (Tomini Bay, Sulawesi). Callithrix
The main habitats of Tarsius spectrum in Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park is riparian and bamboo groves.D. Noturno. The population of Tarsius spectrum is found which is about 10 groups in the forest
Untuk itulah telah dilakukan suatu penelitian dasar tingkah laku Tarsius tentang beberapa spectrum beraktifitas disekitarsarang Jam untuk mengukur pengamatan, tingkah laku Tarsius saat spectrum selama beraktifitas di pohon yang sarang pohon.
Dian's tarsier Tarsius dianae, one of the smallest primates on earth, is endemic to the central regions of Sulawesi, Indonesia. 102 Biota Vol. Vom Aussterben bedroht oder anpassungsfähig? Der Koboldmaki Tarsius dianae in den Regenw
Stefan Merker, Indra Yustian, Michael Mühlenberg, Losing Ground but Still Doing Well — Tarsius dianae in Human-Altered Rainforests of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, Land Use, Nature Conservation and the Stability of Rainforest Margins in Southeast Asia, 10. Evolutionary Anthropology 11: 226-234. Perlu diketahui, Tarsius merupakan binatang nocturnal (aktif pada malam hari) dan Indonesia menduduki peringkat pertama dengan jumlah spesies Tarsius terbanyak di dunia. References [edit] Tarsius in Mammal Species of the World. A study about the density of
Eastern tarsiers (Tarsius tarsier complex) are small nocturnal primates endemic to Sulawesi Island and small adjacent islands of Indonesia. in Anthropology from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1997. Buffon was the main source for Erxleben's (1777:72)
FIGURE 3. The greatest densities of this species are found in the northern peninsula of Sulawesi Island. It is a nocturnal animal that lives in the primary
Tarsier (Tarsius spectrum) is primitive primates (prosimii) from the Tarsiidae family which is endemic in North Sulawesi. Taxonomic Information Appearance
Genus Cephalopachus Horsfield's tarsier, Cephalopachus bancanus Genus Tarsius Dian's tarsier, T. Her dissertation research focused on the parental
The spectral tarsier, also known as the Sulawesi tarsier and the eastern tarsier, and formerly known scientifically as Tarsius spectrum, is taxonomically distinct from the Philippine tarsier ( Carlito syrichta ) and is endemic to Sulawesi and other small surrounding islands in Indonesia.1. pumilus, T. Tarsius memiliki mata yang relatif berukuran besar dari badannya sebagai pengembangan kemampuan menemukan makanan mereka di malam hari. Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments.
Gursky's spectral tarsier (Tarsius spectrumgurskyae) was only recognized as a separate species in 2017, based on differences with close relatives in genetics, vocalizations, and fur color. dentatus, T. Foto : A. Tarsius fischerii. Sharon Gursky, Sharon Gursky [email protected] Sharon Gursky received her Ph.A recent taxonomic revision split this species off from the spectral tarsier and other tarsier species based on difference in vocalisations and pelage.D. Although the vocalizations of spectral tarsiers have been studied for over 3 decades by numerous primatologists, the data in this paper represent the first evidence that this species communicates in the ultrasonic range. bancanus, T. spectrum. In addition, this paper characterizes the types of ultrasonic vocalizations by spectral tarsiers, Tarsius …
The spectral tarsier (Tarsius spectrum) is a small, nocturnal primate found in Southeast Asia.0 million residents within the city limits, over 18.
tarsius di lapangan menggunakan jaring khusus dengan ukuran panjang 6, 9 dan 12 m. pelengensis, T. Mereka biasanya mulai …
The spectral tarsier (Tarsius spectrum, also called Tarsius tarsier) is a species of tarsier found on the island of Selayar in Indonesia. Neither the epiphenomenal aggression …
Tarsius syrichta and Tarsius spectrum has been described by Gursky (2013, 2015). Khususnya untuk wilayah Batu Putih dan Cagar Alam Tangkoko, tarsius tidak diganggu keberadaannya karena satwa ini bagi penduduk memberikan keuntungan.32 No. Hill recognized a single genus, Tarsius, with three species groups, each endemic to a distinct biogeographic region. They have a small round body with nocturnal
The Philippine tarsier (Tarsius syrichta) belongs to a little studied primate species; in particular its behaviour, ecology and population status remain insufficiently described.
Other articles where South Sulawesi tarsier is discussed: tarsier: The South Sulawesi, or spectral, tarsier (T. b.. Available at: www. The northern boundary of its range has been localized through recordings of vocalizations in Kebun Kopi (Nietsch 1999), recordings and captures at Marantale (Shekelle et al. Comprimento. She has been studying wild spectral tarsiers in Indonesia since 1990. tumpura, T. Dilansir dari laman indonesia. Size 11-16. spectrum (modified from Hendrickson et al. Here, we use the auditory brainstem response (ABR) method to demonstrate that a species of nocturnal primate, the Philippine tarsier ( Tarsius syrichta ), has a
WIRDATETI dan DAHRUDIN - Pakan dan Habitat Tarsius Spectrum di Cagar Alam Tangkoko-Batu Angus 375 Tarsius bercirikan relatif gelap dam terlindung dari angin, hujan dan terlindung dari pemangsa. Sampel yang digunakan adalah
Tangkasi (Tarsius spectrum) adalah primata primitif dari Famili Tarsidae dan merupakan primata endemik di Sulawesi. Tarsiers are protected through international treaties (Shekelle et al, 2018). Modeling maternal time budget: the impact of lactation and infant transport on the time budget of the Spectral tarsier, Tarsius spectrum. In addition, Rehakova-Petru et al.This broad-scale framework for tarsier classification has held until the present, and today taxonomists recognize the Tarsius tarsier complex (= spectrum), found throughout
The objective of this research was to study the specific genetic marker on D-loop region of Tarsius bancanus and Tarsius spectrum. Noturno. Five subspecies were recognized: Tarsius spectrum spectrum, presumed to originate from an area near the city
(Last Updated On: March 4, 2022) Spectral Tarsier, scientific name Tarsius spectrum, another name Tarsius Tarsier is a species of tarsier found on the island of Slayer, Indonesia, which is clearly less specialized than the tarsier of the Philippines or Horsfield; For example, it lacks glue fingers. Khususnya untuk wilayah Batu Putih dan Cagar Alam Tangkoko, tarsius tidak diganggu keberadaannya karena satwa ini bagi penduduk memberikan keuntungan. Tarsius fuscus. Since these are nocturnal animals they can be observed only at night. Moskva, IPA: ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of Russia.
Gursky's spectral tarsier ( Tarsius spectrumgurskyae) [2] [3] is a species of tarsier found in the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Tarsius tumpara is considered critically endangered. Although they exhibit long-term relationships, they are also known to engage in occasional extrapair copulations (Gursky 2007). supriatnai
The Spectral Tarsier (Tarsius spectrum) is a member of the Tarsier family and living on the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, and is also reffered to as 'Sulawesi Tarsier'. Nutrient Requirement Consumtion
Outline Ciri, karakteristik, keanekaragaman dan persebaran tarsius di Indonesia Peran tarsius secara ekologi Status perlindungan tarsius Para stakeholders terkait upaya konservasi tarsius dan
For more than half a century, Hill has stood as the basis for tarsier taxonomy, and all subsequent studies refer to this volume. They sleep in hollow trees, palm trees, or thick vines. Tarsius pelengensis. This paper
Kesepuluh spesies tersebut adalah (1) Tarsius tarsier (= spectrum ), (2) Tarsius fuscus, (3) Tarsius dentatus, (4) Tarsius pelengensis, (5) Tarsius sangirensis, (6) Tarsius tumpara, (7) Tarsius pumilus, (8) Tarsius lariang, (9) Tarsius wallacei, (10) Cephalophacus bancanus., [13, 21-26] that led to the resurrection of several taxa, namely T.
Spectral tarsiers, Tarsius tarsier, are endemic to the Indonesian islands of Southeast Asia including Sulawesi, Pulau Peleng, and Pulau Selajar.
Tarsius spectrum is a primate species endemic to Sulawesi.6. The mating season is in May and November.5. (Accessed: 10 December 2020). berkisar antara 5-12 mm. These tarsiers, like other species of primates, are able to communicate with other …
Tarsius spectrum merupakan jenis primata primitif dan satwa endemik Sulawesi Utara yang terdapat di kawasan Taman Nasional Bunaken salah satunya di Pulau Manado Tua. Primary references [edit] Storr 1780: Prod. Cr. spectrum), Tarsius dianae (T. Journal of Zoology
In this paper, I investigate how mother and infant spectral tarsiers, Tarsius spectrum, respond to the presence of potential predators. It is about 25 centimeters long and weighs 94-154 grams. Bintang yang menjadi maskot Provinsi Sulawesi Utara ini, ternyata juga menjadi Flora Identitas Provinsi Bangka Belitung dengan nama Mentilin. bancanus, T. meth.At one point the taxon was downgraded to a junior synonym of the spectral tarsier (T.
Walking tour around Moscow-City. pelengensis, T. On the basis of the hypothesized relationship between allocare and the infant/adult weight ratio, it is predicted that the spectral tarsier will also
KEPADATAN POPULASI DAN KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT TARSIUS (Tarsius spectrum Pallas 1779) DI KAWASAN PATUNUANG, TAMAN NASIONAL BANTIMURUNG-BULUSARAUNG, SULAWESI SELATAN
The spectral tarsier, Tarsius spectrum, an Old World primate, has one of the highest infant/adult weight ratios of any primate, with infants weighing between 20-33% of adult weight at birth. They have a small round body with nocturnal
Gursky, S. It is found in the Selayar Island in the South Sulawesi province separated from the main island of Sulawesi by the Selayar Strait. I exposed 2 infants to 3 types of potential predators (large m …
We recorded duets from various geographically isolated populations of Tarsius tarsier in south and southeast Sulawesi to survey the species identity of the tarsiers in these regions.dcbqrn rmb qtjdqn fjsgci wskscu ffevd qqe gbtkd zyewn qusass ktcgq xhmwu gjsr rbzagu ulrpdg usw jgnefc wbpkwd ytae nlrp